Calculator · Investing & Retirement

The IRS requires you to withdraw — whether you need it or not.

Estimate your Required Minimum Distribution using the official IRS Uniform Lifetime Table.

📐 IRS Uniform Lifetime Table

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Quick Answer

RMD = Account balance (Dec 31 prior year) ÷ IRS life-expectancy factor for your age. Under SECURE 2.0, RMDs start at age 73 (2023–2032), rising to 75 in 2033. Missing one triggers a steep 25% penalty (10% if corrected within 2 years).

This calculator uses the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table, which applies to most account owners. A different table applies if your spouse is your sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger — check IRS Pub 590-B for that case.

Your Parameters

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Account

Account balance (prior Dec 31) $500000

Your age this year 73

RMD age is 73 for 2023–2032, rising to 75 in 2033 (SECURE 2.0)

Required Minimum Distribution This Year

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calculating…

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What This Really Means

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Full Breakdown

Account balance

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IRS life-expectancy factor (Uniform Lifetime Table)

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Required Minimum Distribution

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As % of account balance

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25% penalty if missed entirely

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IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (selected ages)

Age	Factor	Age	Factor
73	26.5	87	14.4
75	24.6	90	12.2
80	20.2	95	8.9
85	16.0	100	6.4

These factors are sourced from the IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (effective for distributions after Jan 1, 2022, IRS Notice 2022-6 / Pub 590-B). Always confirm the exact factor for your age directly against current IRS Pub 590-B before filing — tables can be revised, and a different table applies if your sole beneficiary is a spouse more than 10 years younger.

Sources & Methodology

IRS Publication 590-B, Distributions from Individual Retirement Arrangements — Uniform Lifetime Table (Appendix B). IRS Pub 590-B →
IRS, Retirement Topics — Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs) — starting age, deadlines, penalties. IRS source →
SECURE 2.0 Act — RMD age changes to 73 (2023) and 75 (2033). Bill text →

Methodology: RMD = balance ÷ factor, per the Uniform Lifetime Table. This calculator does not model the spousal 10+ year-younger exception table, inherited-account rules, or aggregation rules across multiple IRAs. For anything beyond a simple estimate, consult a tax professional.

Common Questions

At what age do RMDs start?

Under SECURE 2.0, the RMD starting age is 73 for most people who turn 73 between 2023 and 2032. It rises to 75 starting in 2033. Roth IRAs (not Roth 401ks, as of 2024) are exempt from RMDs during the original owner's lifetime.

What happens if I miss an RMD?

The IRS penalty for a missed or shortfall RMD is 25% of the amount not withdrawn, reduced to 10% if corrected within two years. This is a steep penalty — RMDs should not be skipped or delayed past the deadline (December 31 each year, with a one-time grace until April 1 for your very first RMD).

Which accounts require RMDs?

Traditional IRAs, SEP IRAs, SIMPLE IRAs, and most employer plans (401k, 403b, 457b) require RMDs starting at the applicable age. As of 2024, Roth 401(k)s no longer require RMDs during the owner's lifetime, matching Roth IRA treatment. Inherited accounts have separate, more complex RMD rules.

Disclaimer: For educational purposes only. Not tax or legal advice. RMD rules are complex and have exceptions not modeled here (inherited accounts, spousal exception, aggregation). Consult a qualified tax professional before relying on this for filing.

The IRS requires you to withdraw — whether you need it or not.

IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (selected ages)

Sources & Methodology

Common Questions

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